Food Sensitivity Testing

IgE Allergy or IgG Sensitivity?
The Difference Matters Clinically

Not all food reactions are allergies, and not all food sensitivity tests measure the same thing. Understanding which immune pathway is involved changes the clinical approach entirely.

Stephen Duncan FDN-P MSc | 37 years clinical experience

Two immune pathways. Two different clinical questions.

Most people have heard of food allergies. Fewer understand food sensitivities — or why the distinction matters for their symptoms.

IgE — Immunoglobulin E

True Allergy

Fast-acting · Mast cell mediated · Often lifelong
  • Onset Minutes to 2 hours
  • Mechanism IgE antibody → mast cell → histamine release
  • Symptoms Hives, swelling, anaphylaxis, itching, rhinitis
  • Threshold Tiny amounts can trigger
  • Persistence Usually fixed — does not resolve with avoidance
  • Diagnosis Skin prick test, RAST blood test, clinical challenge
  • Management Strict avoidance; antihistamines; EpiPen if severe
IgG — Immunoglobulin G

Food Sensitivity

Delayed-onset · Gut-immune mediated · Often reversible
  • Onset Hours to 72 hours after consumption
  • Mechanism IgG antibody → immune complex → systemic inflammation
  • Symptoms Bloating, fatigue, joint pain, brain fog, skin reactions, IBS
  • Threshold Often dose-dependent — accumulation matters
  • Persistence Frequently reversible with guided elimination and gut repair
  • Diagnosis IgG antibody blood test (e.g. IgG Food MAP, HealthBeings)
  • Management Elimination, gut healing protocol, staged reintroduction
Why the delayed onset is the clinical trap. IgG-mediated food reactions can occur up to 72 hours after the offending food was consumed. A client who eats gluten on Monday may not feel the cognitive fog until Wednesday — and will almost never make the connection without testing. This is why food elimination diaries alone are unreliable, and why objective IgG testing has genuine clinical value in presentations where conventional investigation has drawn a blank.

How IgG Sensitivity Becomes Chronic Symptoms

The inflammatory cascade connecting food to systemic complaints

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Repeated Exposure

Certain foods — particularly those eaten daily — can provoke IgG antibody production when gut barrier integrity is compromised. Gluten, dairy, eggs, and soy are the most common in a European diet.

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Intestinal Permeability

When the gut lining is inflamed or permeable ("leaky gut"), partially digested food particles cross into the bloodstream and trigger immune responses they would not trigger in a healthy, intact gut.

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Immune Complex Formation

IgG antibodies bind to food antigens in the bloodstream, forming immune complexes. These activate complement pathways and drive systemic inflammation — affecting joints, skin, brain, and gut simultaneously.

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Delayed, Diffuse Symptoms

Because the inflammation is systemic and delayed, symptoms appear far removed in time and site from the food trigger. Brain fog, fatigue, joint pain, and skin conditions are common presentations.

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The Gut-Immune Connection

Food sensitivity and intestinal permeability reinforce each other. Ongoing reactivity drives gut inflammation, which worsens permeability, which increases antigen exposure. Breaking the cycle requires both elimination and gut repair.

Resolution Is Possible

Unlike IgE allergies, IgG-mediated sensitivities frequently resolve with a structured elimination protocol and gut repair programme. Reintroduction after 3–6 months is often successful for previously reactive foods.

The Tests I Use

Two validated options — each with a distinct clinical place

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IgG Food MAP

Mosaic Diagnostics · via Regenerus Labs · IgG Subclass 1–4
IgG only 190+ foods Part of TDG Five-Test

The IgG Food MAP from Mosaic Diagnostics (formerly Great Plains Laboratory), accessed via Regenerus Labs, is the food sensitivity test I have used most consistently in clinical practice. It measures IgG antibody reactivity across all four IgG subclasses (1–4) — a level of specificity that many cheaper panels do not offer.

The panel covers over 190 food antigens across grains, dairy, meats, fish, eggs, nuts, vegetables, fruits, herbs, and spices. Critically, it includes a Candida antigen, which I find clinically useful given the overlap between gut dysbiosis and food reactivity patterns.

This test forms the food sensitivity component of the TDG Five-Test Programme, interpreted alongside GI-MAP (for the gut microbiome picture), DUTCH Plus (for stress-hormone driven gut permeability), and Organic Acids (for dysbiosis metabolites). The combination allows patterns to be understood systemically rather than in isolation.

Gluten / Wheat Dairy (cow, goat, sheep) Eggs (white + yolk) Soy Corn / Maize Tree nuts Seafood Nightshades Legumes Yeasts Candida antigen 190+ total antigens
  • All four IgG subclasses measured
  • Quantitative reactivity scoring
  • Colour-coded severity levels
  • Candida antigen included
  • Integrates with TDG programme
  • Regenerus reporting system
  • Interpretive guidance provided
  • Retest after 3–6 months feasible
Best for: Clients running the full TDG Five-Test Programme; complex chronic presentations where cross-reactive food patterns need to be mapped alongside gut microbiome and hormone data; clients who want the most comprehensive IgG picture available.
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HealthBeings IgE + IgG Combined Panel

HealthBeings · 120 foods · IgE allergy + IgG sensitivity
IgE + IgG combined 120 foods Dual immune pathway

The HealthBeings panel is distinct from the IgG Food MAP in one critical respect: it measures both IgE (true allergy) and IgG (sensitivity) antibodies in a single test across 120 food items. This makes it the test of choice when a clinical presentation suggests potential true allergic involvement alongside delayed sensitivity — or when a client wants a complete picture of both immune pathways from a single blood draw.

The dual-pathway result is clinically valuable because IgE and IgG reactions to the same food are not mutually exclusive. A client may have a low-grade IgE reaction to a food (not anaphylactic, but immune-mediated) alongside a significant IgG delayed response. Standard IgG-only panels would miss the IgE component entirely.

At 120 foods, the panel is somewhat narrower than the IgG Food MAP's 190+ antigens, but the coverage across major food groups is comprehensive, and the addition of IgE data makes it the stronger option for presentations involving: atopic conditions (eczema, asthma, allergic rhinitis), mast cell activation symptoms, histamine intolerance, or cases where the client suspects both immediate and delayed reactions.

120 foods tested Grains (incl. gluten) All major dairy proteins Tree nuts + peanuts Shellfish + fish Eggs Fruits (tropical + temperate) Vegetables Meats Legumes Spices + herbs IgE + IgG dual result
  • IgE and IgG measured simultaneously
  • 120 food antigens
  • Single blood draw for dual result
  • Quantitative antibody levels reported
  • IgE results medically significant
  • Identifies mixed-pathway reactors
  • Strong for atopic presentations
  • Useful in histamine intolerance workup
Best for: Atopic presentations (eczema, asthma, rhinitis); suspected mast cell activation; histamine intolerance; clients with both immediate and delayed food reactions; situations where knowing both IgE and IgG profiles from a single draw adds clinical efficiency.

Which Test Is Right for Which Presentation?

A practical guide — not every client needs both

Clinical Scenario IgG Food MAP HealthBeings IgE + IgG
Running full TDG Five-Test Programme ✓ First choice Possible alternative
Pure delayed-onset gut and fatigue symptoms ✓ Ideal Suitable
Atopic eczema / allergic rhinitis / asthma IgG component only ✓ Superior — captures IgE
Suspected mast cell activation Partial picture ✓ First choice
Histamine intolerance workup Useful ✓ More complete
Mixed immediate + delayed reactions reported Misses IgE ✓ Designed for this
Wants broadest food antigen coverage (190+) ✓ 190+ antigens 120 antigens
Includes Candida antigen testing ✓ Included Not standard
Budget-conscious — single draw, dual value IgG only per draw ✓ Two pathways, one draw

My Clinical Position on Food Sensitivity Testing

I will be direct about where IgG testing sits in the evidence landscape: the scientific literature on IgG food sensitivity testing is contested. Some researchers argue that elevated IgG antibodies represent normal immune exposure to foods rather than pathological sensitivity. This is a legitimate position and I do not dismiss it.

My clinical experience over 37 years is that IgG-guided elimination protocols — particularly when run alongside gut repair and restesting — produce meaningful, sustained improvement in a significant proportion of clients with chronic gut, fatigue, joint, skin, and cognitive presentations where conventional investigation has been unrevealing. I have seen this pattern too many times to disregard it.

What I use the results for

IgG food sensitivity data is not used in isolation. It is interpreted alongside the GI-MAP (gut microbiome and pathogen data), Organic Acids Test (dysbiosis metabolites and mitochondrial markers), and DUTCH Plus (stress hormones and their impact on gut barrier function). A client with elevated IgG reactivity to 30 foods, a dysbiotic microbiome on GI-MAP, and elevated cortisol and zonulin is showing a coherent systemic picture — the food reactivity is a downstream consequence of intestinal permeability, not a random finding.

The elimination protocol matters more than the test

The test identifies the list. The clinical work is in the protocol design: phased elimination, nutritional adequacy of the exclusion diet, gut repair alongside the elimination, and structured reintroduction after 3–6 months. This is where the interpretation and support I provide actually matters. A test without a protocol is just a list of foods to feel anxious about.

The IgE results are a different matter entirely

Where the HealthBeings panel identifies IgE reactivity, the clinical response is different and more serious. Significant IgE elevations to a food — particularly in a client with atopic history — may warrant referral to an allergist for formal challenge testing. I am clear with clients about this distinction: IgE findings from functional testing are not a substitute for medical allergy assessment and, where indicated, I will refer accordingly.

Ready to find out what your immune system is reacting to?

Book a free discovery call to discuss whether food sensitivity testing belongs in your clinical workup.

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